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Carabus problematicus : ウィキペディア英語版 | Carabus problematicus
''Carabus problematicus'' is a species of beetle endemic to Europe, where it is observed in Andorra, Austria, Belgium, Great Britain,〔(Global Biodiversity Information Facility )〕 the Czech Republic, mainland Denmark, the Faroe Islands, Finland, mainland France, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland,〔(Groundbeetles of Ireland )〕 mainland Italy, Latvia (doubtful), Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, mainland Norway, Poland, Romania, northern and northwestern Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, mainland Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the Netherlands. A study of the effects of grazing management on arthropod distribution observed high number clusters of ''C. problematicus'' associated with the sheep rather than sheep and cattle grazed plots – suggesting that there are detrimental effects of cattle to the species; possibly as a result of soil compaction.〔Peter Dennis ''Sensitivity of upland arthropod diversity to livestock grazing, vegetation structure and landform'' Food, Agriculture & Environment Vol. 1(2): 301-307. 2003〕 ==References==
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